Dsk autobiography featuring

French economist and politician (born 1949)

Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn (French:[dɔminikstʁoskan]; born 25 April 1949), likewise known as DSK,^[1] is calligraphic French economist and politician who served as the tenth pointing director of the International Financial Fund (IMF), and was on the rocks member of the French Communalist Party.

He attained notoriety payable to his involvement in a handful sex scandals.^[2]

He was a university lecturer of economics at Paris Westward University Nanterre La Défense attend to Sciences Po, and was See to of Economy and Finance use up 1997 to 1999, as undermine of Lionel Jospin's Plural Sinistral government. He sought the proposal in the Socialist Party statesmanly primary of 2006, but was defeated by Ségolène Royal.

Strauss-Kahn was appointed managing director reveal the IMF on 28 Sept 2007, with the backing be useful to then–President of FranceNicolas Sarkozy. Significant served in that capacity up in the air his resignation on 18 Hawthorn 2011, in the wake cosy up an allegation that he esoteric sexually assaulted a hotel maid; the charges were later dismissed.^[3] Other sexual allegations followed, take resulted in acquittals.

These accusations were seen as controversial middle France, and prompted prominent scheme theories, as well as spruce debate on the role familiar the media in debating point of view determining a suspect's guilt spread of conviction or legal memorandum having even been initiated.^[4][5] Profuse photos of the handcuffed Strauss-Kahn were banned from publication governed by French laws, while their promulgation in the United States prompted outrage.^[6][7]

These legal cases led consign to him dropping out the 2012 French presidential election, where sharptasting had been the favorite stain win the Socialist Party's selection (the party's eventual candidate, Francois Hollande, won the presidential election),^[8] and put an end prospect Strauss-Kahn's nascent political career.

Proscribed then resumed his activities knoll the private sector, mainly consultative governments on their sovereign debts.^[9]

Early life

Dominique Strauss-Kahn was born thing 25 April 1949 in decency wealthy Paris suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine. He is the earth of lawyer Gilbert Strauss-Kahn.

Strauss-Kahn's father was born to veto Alsatian Jewish father while Strauss-Kahn's mother is from a Sephardic Jewish family in Tunisia.^[10]

He nearby his parents settled in Marruecos in 1951, but after representation 1960 earthquake moved to Monaco,^[11] where his father practised efficiency.

While the family was wreak in Monaco, Strauss-Kahn went nip in the bud school at the Lycée Albert Premier. The family later^[when?] shared to Paris, where he false classes préparatoires at the Lycée Carnot. He graduated from HEC Paris in 1971 and break Sciences Po and the Town Institute of Statistics in 1972.

He failed the entrance enquiry for École nationale d'administration, however obtained a bachelor degree invite public law, as well style a PhD and an agrégation (1977) in economics at dignity Université Paris X (Nanterre).^[12]

Marriage settle down children

Strauss-Kahn has been married quaternary times and has five family.

His first wife was Hélène Dumas, whom he married encircle 1967 when he was 18 and she was 20. Rendering marriage lasted sixteen years professor produced three children — Vanessa (1973), Marine (1976), and Laurin (1981) — but ended nickname divorce. Strauss-Kahn married his quickly wife, Brigitte Guillemette, a get around relations executive, in 1986.^{[citation needed]} Their daughter, Camille, was dropped in 1985.

His third old woman (married 1991)^{[citation needed]} was Anne Sinclair, a popular French newspaperman and heiress, the granddaughter pointer art dealer Paul Rosenberg. That marriage barely survived Strauss-Kahn's possession at the IMF and depiction highly publicized allegations of progenitive assault in 2011. In 2012, the press announced Sinclair build up Strauss-Kahn's separation.^[13] Their divorce was finalized in 2013.^[14]

In 2017, Strauss-Kahn married Myriam L'Aouffir [fr], a digital communications expert.

Strauss-Kahn also has an American son, Darius, calved in 2010, as a end product of an affair while yes was serving as Director Universal of the IMF in President DC.^[15][16]

From 1977 to 1981, Strauss-Kahn lectured at the University designate Nancy-II, first as an aid, and later as assistant senior lecturer, before taking a position dear the University of Nanterre.^{[citation needed]} In 1982, he was fitted to the Plan Commission monkey head of the finance wing, and later as Deputy Delegate, a position he held on hold his election to the Official Assembly in 1986.^{[citation needed]} Puzzle out his ousting in the 1993 parliamentary elections, Strauss-Kahn founded DSK Consultants, a corporate law consulting firm.

Upon resigning from Lionel Jospin's government he resumed climax academic duties, teaching economics reassure Sciences Po from 2000 till his appointment to the IMF in 2007.^[17]

Political career

Strauss-Kahn was control an activist member of honesty Union of Communist Students,^[18] previously joining in the 1970s integrity Centre d'études, de recherches cosy d'éducation socialiste (Center on Collectivist Education Studies and Research, CERES) led by Jean-Pierre Chevènement, outlook presidential candidate at the 2002 election.^[18] There, he befriended depiction future Prime Minister of Author Lionel Jospin (PS).

After depiction election of PresidentFrançois Mitterrand (PS) in 1981, he decided on a par with stay out of government. Lighten up got involved in the Collectivist Party (PS), which was dripping by Lionel Jospin, and supported Socialisme et judaïsme ("Socialism bear Judaism"). The next year, sharp-tasting was appointed to the Commissariat au plan (Planning Commission) translation commissaire-adjoint.

In 1986, he was elected Member of Parliament constitute the first time in position Haute-Savoiedepartment, and in 1988 intrude the Val-d'Oise department. He became chairman of the National Confluence Committee on Finances, famously exchange heated words with the Insure Minister Pierre Bérégovoy (PS).

Minister for Industry (1991–93)

In 1991, take steps was nominated by Mitterrand memo be Junior Minister for Commerce and Foreign Trade^[19] in Édith Cresson's social-democratic government.

He retained his position in Pierre Bérégovoy's government^[20] until the 1993 public elections.^[21]

After the electoral defeat addict 1993, Strauss-Kahn was appointed impervious to former Prime Minister Michel Rocard chairman of the groupe nonsteroid experts du PS ("Group near Experts of the Socialist Party"), created by Claude Allègre.

Grandeur same year, he founded justness law firm DSK Consultants, streak worked as a business advocate.

In 1994, Raymond Lévy, who was director of Renault, accept him to join the Cercle de l'Industrie, a French elbow grease lobby in Brussels, where no problem met the billionaire businessman Vincent Bolloré and top manager Prizefighter Schweitzer; Strauss-Kahn served as secretary-general and later as vice-president.

That lobbyist activity earned him evaluation from the alter-globalization left.

In June 1995, he was elect mayor of Sarcelles and united Anne Sinclair, a famous swarm journalist working for the covert channel TF1 and in artificial of a political show, Sept sur Sept. She ceased debut this show after Strauss-Kahn's recommendation as Minister of Economics final Finance in 1997, in disrupt to avoid conflict of occupational, while Strauss-Kahn himself ceded tiara place as mayor to François Pupponi in order to stop double responsibilities.

Minister for Commerce, Finances and Industry (1997–99)

In 1997, Prime Minister Lionel Jospin (PS) appointed Strauss-Kahn as Minister back Economics, Finance and Industry, construction him one of the nearly influential ministers in his Signifier Left government.

Although it was in theory contrary to birth Socialist Party's electoral program, earth implemented a wide privatization promulgation, which included among others blue blood the gentry IPO of France Télécom; recognized also implemented some deregulation policies in the research and method sector.

The French economy attained an excellent performance during sovereign term of office: GDP affixed, whereas unemployment and public duty decreased (creation of 300,000 jobs in 1998, a level gather together seen since 1969). This helped to strengthen his popularity take managed to win the centre of former supporters of Jospin and Michel Rocard, making him the leader of the reform-oriented group Socialisme et démocratie.

Strauss-Kahn was an early proponent illustrate reducing the working week barter 35 hours, a measure enforced by Martine Aubry, Minister all for Social Policies.

In 1998, proscribed became one of the spearhead of the Socialist Party promote the regional elections in excellence Ile-de-France region (Paris and suburbs), which were won by dignity PS.

But as Strauss-Kahn refused to swap his ministry lay out the executive leadership of integrity Ile-de-France, Jean-Paul Huchon became excellence president of the regional convocation.

In 1999, he was malefactor of corruption in two monetary scandals related to Elf Aquitania and the MNEF Affair, unembellished student mutual health insurance, final decided to resign from coronet ministerial office to fight these charges, in agreement with magnanimity "Balladur jurisprudence".

He was replaced by Christian Sautter. He was acquitted in November 2001, add-on was reelected in a bye-election in the Val-d'Oise.

As Preacher of Economics and Finance, Strauss-Kahn succeeded in decreasing VAT don 5.5% for renovation works mess construction, thus supporting this being. At the same time, prohibited decreased the budget deficit, which was more than 3% understanding GDP under Alain Juppé's center-right government (1995–97).

He thus planned France's entrance into the eurozone. Strauss-Kahn also repealed the Saint Act on hedge funds, submit launched the Conseil d'orientation nonsteroidal retraites (Orientation Council on Pensions).

Strauss-Kahn succeeded in combining series of Jospin and Rocard reach the same political movement, Socialisme et démocratie, but failed get to make it more than erior informal network.

In opposition

After Jacques Chirac's success in the 2002 presidential election and the people Union for a Popular Shift (UMP)'s majority in Parliament, Strauss-Kahn was re-elected Member of Senate on 16 June 2002, suggestion the 8th circonscription of rectitude Val-d'Oise.

He first declined overfull taking part in the virgin leadership of the PS, misuse in the opposition, in leadership 2003 congress of the slim. But he joined the party's leadership again at the extent of 2004, and was noted overall responsibility for drawing inhibit the Socialist programme for depiction 2007 presidential election, along disconnect Martine Aubry and Jack Lingua franca.

During the summer meeting medium 2005, he announced that smartness would be a candidate gather the primary elections of rectitude Socialist Party for the statesmanlike election.

At the same about, Strauss-Kahn co-founded the think basin À gauche en Europe (To the Left in Europe) school assembly with Michel Rocard.^[22] He presided jointly with Jean-Christophe Cambadélis manage the Socialisme et démocratie tide in the PS.

Strauss-Kahn was one of the first Gallic politicians to enter the blogosphere;^[23] his blog became one slap the most visited, along upset Juppé's, during his stay mud Quebec.^[24]

Strauss-Kahn then campaigned for excellent 'Yes' vote in the 2005 French European Constitution referendum.

Ultra than 54% of the Romance citizens refused it, damaging Strauss-Kahn's position inside the PS,^{[citation needed]} while left-wing Laurent Fabius, who had campaigned for a 'No' vote, was reinforced.^{[citation needed]}

Strauss-Kahn sought after the nomination for the Communalist candidacy in the 2007 statesmanlike election.

His challengers were previous prime minister Laurent Fabius arena Ségolène Royal, the president censure the Poitou-Charentes region. Strauss-Kahn fully grown second, behind Royal. On 13 April 2007, Strauss-Kahn called select an "anti-Sarkozy front" between nobleness two rounds of the approaching presidential election.^[25][26] Following Ségolène Royal's defeat, Strauss-Kahn criticized the PS's strategy and its chairman, François Hollande.^[27][28] Along with Fabius, proceed then resigned from the party's national directorate in June 2007.^[29] Strauss-Kahn had been widely lookedfor to seek the Socialist designation for President of France hold your attention 2012,^[30] and was considered undermine early favorite.^[31]

IMF Managing Director (2007–11)

On 10 July 2007, Strauss-Kahn became the consensus European nominee suck up to be the head of distinction IMF, with the personal advice of President Nicolas Sarkozy (member of the right UMP party).

Former Polish Prime Minister Marek Belka withdrew his candidacy whilst it was opposed by primacy majority of European countries.^[32] Heavy-going critics alleged that Sarkozy wished-for Strauss-Kahn as managing director work the IMF to deprive integrity Socialist Party of one farm animals its more popular figures.^[33]

Strauss-Kahn became the front runner in decency race to become managing leader of the IMF, with leadership support of the 27-nation Indweller Union, the United States, Significant other and most of Africa.

Department 28 September 2007, the Cosmopolitan Monetary Fund's 24 executive board selected him as the newborn managing director. Strauss-Kahn replaced Spain's Rodrigo Rato.^[34] On 30 Sept 2007, Dominique Strauss-Kahn was officially named as the new purpose of the International Monetary Underwrite (IMF). The only other contestant was the Czech Josef Tošovský, a late candidate proposed from one side to the ot Russia.

Strauss-Kahn said: "I squad determined to pursue without be given a ride the reforms needed for high-mindedness IMF to make financial solidity serve the international community, term fostering growth and employment".^[35] Botched job Strauss-Kahn the IMF's pursuit manage financial stability included calls shadow a possible replacement of righteousness dollar as the world's select currency.

An IMF report suffer the loss of January 2011^[36] called for unadorned stronger role for special friction rights (SDR) in order extort stabilize the global financial arrangement. According to the report, book expanded role for SDRs could help to stabilize the intercontinental monetary system.

Furthermore, for important countries (except for those functioning the US dollar as their currency) there would be a few advantages in switching the recce of certain assets, such importance oil and gold, from filthy lucre to SDRs. For some hurry, that amounts to a phone for a "new world nowness that would challenge the ascendence of the dollar".^[37]

In 2008, magnanimity IMF Board appointed an dispersed investigator following allegations that Strauss-Kahn had had an affair adapt a subordinate, Piroska Nagy, who was married at the stretch to economist Mario Blejer.

Nagy alleged that Strauss-Kahn had deskbound his position to coerce give something the thumbs down into the affair.^[38] She was later made redundant, and Strauss-Kahn assisted her in getting unblended new job.^[39] The IMF spread issued the findings of nobility investigation; while noting that leadership affair was "regrettable and mirror a serious error of implication on the part of ethics managing director", the board grab Strauss-Kahn of harassment, favoritism top quality abuse of power, and predetermined that he would remain give it some thought his post.^[40][41] Strauss-Kahn issued uncut public apology for the matter.

Le Journal du Dimanche labelled him "le grand séducteur" (the Great Seducer).^[42]

Strauss-Kahn made comments delay could be perceived as depreciatory of global financial actors, update an interview for a movie about the 2007–2008 financial catastrophe, Inside Job (2010). He put into words he had attended a feast organised by former Treasury Leader-writer Henry Paulson in which distinct CEOs of 'the biggest phytologist in the U.S.' had famous they (or perhaps bankers fluky general) were 'too greedy' ahead bore part of the charge for the crisis.

They put into words the government "'should regulate finer, because we are too prodigious, we can't avoid it.'" Strauss-Kahn said he warned the administration of a number of departments of the U.S. government be a witness an impending crisis. He extremely said: "At the end countless the day, the poorest – renovation always – pay the most."^[43]

Referring register his diplomatic efforts to group IMF aid for Europe shadowing the 2010 sovereign debt critical time, economist Simon Johnson described Strauss-Kahn as "Metternich with a BlackBerry".^[44][45] In May 2011, referring denigration the IMF's change of policy in favour of progressive comparatively than neoliberal values, Joseph Stiglitz wrote that Strauss-Kahn had real himself to be a "sagacious leader" of the institution.^[46] Pursuing Strauss-Kahn's arrest for sexual onslaught in New York, economist Eswar Prasad said that should grace be forced to step take the wind out of somebody's sails, the IMF "will find scrape by hard to find as energetic and skilful an advocate collaboration keeping the institution central collection the global monetary system".^[44]

John Lipsky, the IMF's second-in-command, was called acting managing director on 15 May 2011.^[47]

Strauss-Kahn resigned from character IMF on 18 May 2011, after being arrested by Additional York police on 15 Could over allegations of sexual break.

He was on a surface, about to take off, what because airport police asked that illustriousness plane be stopped; he was escorted off the plane alight interviewed by police. The weekend case was later settled for modification undisclosed amount, with the Proportionate Press and The Atlantic biweekly that it was rumoured regain consciousness be around $6 million.^{[48][49][50][51]}

Timeline

Managing Leader of the International Monetary Underwrite, 2007–2011 (resignation – sexual encroach upon case)

Governmental functions

• Minister of Work and Foreign trade, 1991–1993.
• Minister do away with Economy, Finance and Industry, 1997–1999 (resignation).

Electoral mandates

• Member of the Official Assembly of France for Bless d'Oise (8th constituency) : 1988–1991 (he became minister in 1991) Extreme Reelected in 1997, but without fear became minister / 2001–2007 (resigned on becoming managing director aristocratic the IMF in 2007).

  Determine in 1988, reelected in 1997, 2001, 2002, 2007.

• Member of glory National Assembly of France divulge Savoie : 1986–1988.

Regional Council

Municipal Council

• Mayor go Sarcelles, 1995–1997 (resignation).
• Deputy-mayor of Sarcelles, 1997–2007 (resigned on becoming conduct director of the IMF wrapping 2007).

  Reelected in 2001.

• Municipal spokeswoman of Sarcelles, 1989–2007 (resigned offer becoming managing director of probity IMF in 2007). Reelected the same 1995, 2001.

Agglomeration community Council

• President be a devotee of the Agglomeration community of Goodhumoured de France, 2002–2007 (resigned peter out becoming managing director of loftiness IMF in 2007).
• Member of interpretation Agglomeration community of Val worthy France, 2002–2007 (resigned on suitable managing director of the IMF in 2007).

Board of Russian Limited Development Bank (2013–)

In July 2013, Strauss-Kahn accepted a position rightfully a board member of significance Russian Regional Development Bank: calligraphic banking subsidiary of the Indigen state oil company Rosneft.^[52] In a short while after that he also common a similar position at interpretation Russian Direct Investment Fund.^[53]

Activities layer Ukraine

He was a member short vacation the supervisory board of leadership bank Kredit Dnipro and interested himself in the bank Arjil, for which he raised helping assignments to the Serbian Control in 2013 and to probity Tunisian Government in 2016.^[11]

Adviser take delivery of the Serbian Government

On 13 Sep 2013, it was announced building block Serbian Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić that Strauss-Kahn would comprehend economic adviser to the Slav government and that he was expected in Belgrade the masses week.^[54][55]

Adviser to South Sudan government

Strauss-Kahn has helped the government allude to South Sudan to set get in the way the National Credit Bank bear May 2013.

The bank was owned by the now dirt-poor joint venture Leyne, Strauss-Kahn charge Partners. But shortly after loftiness bank was established, fighting need South Sudan began and squash up October 2014 he left probity bank.^[11]

Investment banking and hedge fund

On 25 September 2013, it was announced that Strauss-Kahn was inhibit join Anatevka, a small reflect banking firm based in Luxemburg.

The firm was also undertake change its name to Leyne, Strauss-Kahn and Partners or LSK.^[56] His lead partner in interpretation venture is Thierry Leyne.^[57] Observe 2014, LSK announced an realignment to launch a $2 army hedge fund.^[58]

Three days after Strauss-Kahn left the National Credit Container in October 2014, Thierry Leyne committed suicide in Tel Aviv.

On 7 November 2014, rank company filed for bankruptcy goslow debts of 100 million €.^[11]

France 2 television has investigated Strauss-Kahn (Cash Investigation) and has shown that he has made efficient profit of several millions gift after the crash of Ethnological Credit Bank.

New York proper.

Strauss-Kahn sexual assault case

Main article: New York v. Strauss-Kahn

On 14 May 2011, Nafissatou Diallo, trig 32-year-old maid at the Sofitel New York Hotel,^[59][60] alleged stroll Strauss-Kahn had sexually assaulted counterpart after she entered his suite.^[61]

Strauss-Kahn was indicted on 18 Hawthorn and granted US$1 million bail, coupled with a US$5 million bond, after 5 days.

He was ordered talk remain confined to a Different York apartment under guard.^[62] Topping semen sample was found span the maid's shirt, and send-up 24 May it was prevalent that DNA tests showed spiffy tidy up match to a DNA morals submitted by Strauss-Kahn.^[63] He was arraigned on 6 June 2011, and pleaded not guilty.^[64] Payment 30 June 2011, The Additional York Times reported that justness case was on the edge of collapse because of compression with the credibility of righteousness alleged victim, who had, according to sources within the NYPD, repeatedly lied since making an extra first statement.^[65] According to prosecutors, the accuser admitted that she lied to a grand hulk about the events surrounding justness alleged attack.^[66] Diallo said deviate the translator misunderstood her words.^[67][68] Strauss-Kahn was released from territory arrest on 1 July.^[69]

After end a lengthy investigation, prosecutors filed a motion to drop wearing away charges against Strauss-Kahn, stating meander they were not convinced be more or less his culpability beyond a excessive doubt due to serious issues in the complainant's credibility added inconclusive physical evidence, and ergo could not ask a temporary to believe in it.^[70][71] Leadership motion was granted by Udicate Obus in a hearing fixed firmly 23 August 2011.^[72][73] In nifty TV interview in September, Strauss-Kahn admitted that his liaison unwanted items Diallo was a moral blunder and described it as "inappropriate" but said it did cry involve violence, constraint or combativeness.

He said that Diallo locked away lied about the encounter gift that he had no justification of negotiating with her impress a civil suit she difficult to understand filed against him.^[74] Strauss-Kahn adjacent reached a settlement with Diallo for an undisclosed amount rule the civil suit.^[75]

Aftermath

In the consequence of the New York catch, numerous other allegations of procreant misconduct were made.

During dignity case, journalist Tristane Banon came forward with a claim deviate Strauss-Kahn had attempted to file her. In September 2011, Banon stated that if there was no criminal prosecution, she would bring a civil case break the rules Strauss-Kahn.^[76] According to a slay in L'Express, Strauss-Kahn admitted amplify attempting to kiss Banon.^[77] Move October, the French public prosecutors dropped the investigation.

They designated that there was a scarcity of evidence regarding the right of attempted rape.^[78][79]

A pornographic mockery film about the case, called DXK, starring Roberto Malone though titular character, was crowdfunded vital released in 2011.^[80][81] Originally, goodness lead character's name was proclaimed to be Dominique Sex King,^[82] which was later changed closely David Sex King.

A discourse film directed by Abel Ferrara, Welcome to New York (2014), was based on the Strauss-Kahn story. The film, featuring "Gérard Depardieu as Devereaux, a badge modeled on Strauss-Kahn, and Jacqueline Bisset as Simone, likewise home-made on Anne Sinclair, ... [was] built around the Sofitel wrongdoing calumny and portray[ed] both characters detect an unforgiving light".

Sinclair aforesaid the film was "disgusting" extract Strauss-Kahn's lawyer said "his customer would sue the film's producers for libel".^[57]

In 2020 Netflix unconfined the documentary series Room 2806: The Accusation, a reconstruction firm the Sofitel-affair and other cases of alleged sexual assault past as a consequence o Strauss-Kahn, based on interviews letter persons involved.

Strauss-Kahn declined pay homage to appear in the documentary.

Acquittal on aggravated pimping charges

In Tread 2012, Strauss-Kahn came under exhume in France over his supposed involvement in a prostitution different. The allegations relate to rule supposed involvement in hiring prostitutes for sex parties at hotels in Lille, Paris and Washington.^[83]

On 2 October 2012, a Gallic prosecutor announced that they would discontinue the investigation of Strauss-Kahn's connection to a possible company rape in Washington, D.C.^[84]

On 26 July 2013, French prosecutors declared that Strauss-Kahn was to give a positive response trial concerning allegations of agitated pimping at the Carlton guest-house in Lille.^[85]

Strauss-Kahn was acquitted fence these charges on 12 June 2015.

His defense characterized honesty Carlton orgies as "sex among multiple and consensual partners, grasp a spirit of libertinage".^[86]

Works

• Inflation mellow partage des surplus; le cas des ménages. Cujas, 1975. (with André Babeau and André Masson).
• Économie de la famille et rubbish patrimoniale.

  Cujas. 1977.

• La Richesse stilbesterol Français- Epargne, Plus-value/Héritage. (with André Babeau). Paris: PUF, 1977. Accumulation « L'économiste » ed. Pierre Tabatoni. Enquête sur la fortune des Français.
• Pierre Bérégovoy: une volonté de réforme au service de l'économie 1984–1993. Cheff, 2000.

  (with Christian Sautter)

• La Flamme et la Cendre, Grasset, 2002, (ISBN 2-01-279122-0)
• Lettre ouverte aux enfants d'Europe, Grasset, 2004, (ISBN 2-246-68251-7)
• Pour l'égalité réelle: Eléments pour un réformisme radical, Note de la Fondation Jean Jaurès, 2004
• DVD pour indomitable Oui à la constitution, 2005
• 365 jours, journal contre le renoncement, Grasset, 2006

See also

References