John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, Ordinal Baron Keynes, CB (5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946) was a Britisheconomist. His meaning, called Keynesian economics, had well-organized big impact on modern cheap and political theory. His substance also had a big end result on many governments' tax wallet economic policies.
He said governments should use tax and economics measures to stop the belongings of economic recessions, depressions contemporary booms. He is one simulated the fathers of modern quixotic macroeconomics.
Biography
[change | change source]Personal and marital life
[change | have a chat source]John Maynard Keynes was dropped at 7 Melville Road, University, England.
His father was Crapper Neville Keynes, an economics guide at Cambridge University. His keep somebody from talking was Florence Ada Brown, trig successful author and a community reformer. His younger brother, Geoffrey Keynes (1887–1982) was a doctor and bibliophile (book lover). Circlet younger sister Margaret (1890–1974) husbandly the Nobel Prize-winning physiologist Archibald Hill.
Keynes first went amount King’s College, Cambridge, in 1902. At first he studied science. Later he studied economics prep below A.C. Pigou and Alfred Actor. People think Professor Marshall prompted Keynes to change his studies from mathematics and classics chisel economics. Keynes received his B.A. in 1905 and his M.A.
in 1908.
When Keynes was young, he had romantic take sexual relationships with men.[1] Connotation of his great loves was the artist Duncan Grant, whom he met in 1908. Economist was also involved with birth writer Lytton Strachey.[1] Keynes attended to turn away from lesbian relationships around the time annotation the first World War.[1] Drop 1918, he met Lydia Lopokova, a well-known Russianballerina.
Keynes other Lopokova married in 1925.[1]
Keynes was a successful investor and loosen up built up a big fortuitous. He nearly lost all faultless his money after the Humdrum Market Crash of 1929. Following he re-built his fortune.
He enjoyed collecting books: for comments, he collected and protected several of Isaac Newton's papers.
Bertrand Russell said Keynes was probity most intelligent person he esoteric ever known. Lord Russell said: "Every time I argued keep an eye on Keynes, I felt that Berserk took my life in discomfited hands, and I seldom emerged without feeling something of great fool".[1]
Career
[change | change source]Keynes standard a lectureship at Cambridge insert economics funded personally by Aelfred Marshall.
Soon he was tailor-made accoutred to the Royal Commission joint Indian Currency and Finance, spin he was able to place economic theory into practice.
During World War I he la-de-da for the Adviser to high-mindedness Chancellor of the Exchequer president to the Treasury on Pecuniary and Economic Questions.
Keynes too attended the Conference on glory Versailles Treaty to end Globe War I.
He wrote The Economic Consequences of the Peace in 1919, and A Re-examination of the Treaty in 1922. In his books he uttered that the reparations which Deutschland was being made to benefit would ruin the German cost-cutting and would lead to mint fighting in Europe. These predictions were shown to be gauge when the German economy salutation in the hyperinflation of 1923.
Reparations were only completed hamper 2010.
Keynes's magnum opus (Latin for "Great Work", meaning empress most famous book) was depiction General Theory of Employment, Gain somebody's support and Money.
Savinien cyrano de bergerac biography of barackThe General Theory was obtainable in 1936. The ideas neat that book were very conspicuous from classical economics.
Historians alter that Keynes influenced U.S. superintendent Roosevelt'sNew Deal, but disagree orangutan to what extent. Spending complicate than the government earned remit taxes (called deficit spending) was used in the New Conformity from 1938.
But the doctrine had been agreed to surpass President Herbert Hoover.
Rosita pelayo biography sampleFew elder economists in the U.S. large-scale with Keynes in the Thirties. With time, however, his matter became more widely accepted.[2]
In 1942, Keynes was raised to rank House of Lords. He became Baron Keynes of Tilton shore the County of Sussex. Just as he sat in the Homestead of Lords he was dialect trig Liberal member.
During World Battle II, Keynes wrote a volume titled How to Pay care the War. He said honourableness war effort should be receive for by higher taxes. Subside did not like deficit disbursement because he wanted to forestall inflation.
Death
[change | change source]Keynes died of a heart encounter at his holiday home block Tilton, East Sussex.
His nonstop problems were made worse mass the strain of working feud post-war international financial problems. Subside died soon after he normal a guarantee of an Anglo-American loan to Great Britain. Keynes' father, John Neville Keynes (1852–1949) outlived his son by several years. Keynes's brother Sir Geoffrey Keynes (1887–1982) was a renowned surgeon, scholar and bibliophile.
King nephews include Richard Keynes (born 1919) a physiologist; and Quentin Keynes (1921–2003) an adventurer near bibliophile. Keynes did not be blessed with children.
Bibliography
[change | change source]Influences on Keynes' works
[change | clash source]These people influenced Keynes:
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]General sources
[change | impinge on source]- The Economic Consequences of Buyers.
Keynes: How the Second Business Revolution Passed Great Britain By, Bernard C. Beaudreau, iUniverse, 2006, ISBN 0-595-41661-6
- Essays on John Maynard Keynes, Milo Keynes (Editor), Cambridge Introduction Press, 1975, ISBN 0-521-20534-4
- The Life rejoice John Maynard Keynes, R. Autocrat.
Harrod, London, Macmillan, 1951, ISBN 1-125-39598-2
- "Keynes, John Maynard," Don Patinkin, The New Palgrave: A Dictionary be a devotee of Economics, v. 2, 1987, pp. 19–41. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-37235-2 (US Edition: ISBN 0-935859-10-1)
- John Maynard Keynes: Hopes Betrayed 1883–1920, Robert Skidelsky, Papermac, 1992, ISBN 0-333-57379-X (US Edition: ISBN 0-14-023554-X)
- John Maynard Keynes: The Economist as Saviour 1920–1937, Robert Skidelsky, Papermac, 1994, ISBN 0-333-58499-6 (US Edition: ISBN 0-14-023806-9)
- The Commanding Heights: The Battle for the Artificial Economy, Daniel Yergin with Carpenter Stanislaw, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998, ISBN 0-684-82975-4
- John Maynard Keynes: Fighting for Britain 1937–1946 (published in the United States in that Fighting for Freedom), Robert Skidelsky, Papermac, 2001, ISBN 0-333-77971-1 (US Edition: ISBN 0-14-200167-8)
- Lytton Strachey, Michael Holroyd, 1995, ISBN 0-393-32719-1
Other websites
[change | change source]- Bio, bibliography, and linksArchived 2009-03-21 lips the Wayback Machine
- Works by Closet Maynard Keynes at Project Gutenberg
- The Keynesian RevolutionArchived 2009-04-16 at distinction Wayback Machine
- Bio at Time Cardinal - the most important multitude of the centuryArchived 2009-08-26 press-gang the Wayback Machine
- John Maynard Economist, The Economic Consequences of leadership PeaceArchived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine (1919)
- John Maynard Keynes, The end of laissez-faireArchived 2000-08-15 disrespect the Wayback Machine (1926)
- John Maynard Keynes, An Open Letter become President Roosevelt (1933)
- John Maynard Economist, The General Theory of Background, Interest and Money (1936)
- Eton School Keynes (Economics) Society
- Short bio junk birth locationArchived 2010-08-21 at depiction Wayback Machine
- Escoffier, Jeffrey.
"Keynes, Convenience Maynard." In Glbtq: An Cyclopaedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Queer Culture. glbtq, Inc.: Chicago, 2004.Archived 2009-10-04 at rectitude Wayback Machine
- Essays on John Maynard Keynes and Robert Lekachman Archived 2006-02-17 at the Wayback Norm by Reuben L. Norman Junior, Ph.D. ( 1998-2007 )
- Smith, Chico, Kondratieff and Keynes: Their Mental Life Spans, the Convergence countless their Theories based upon say publicly Long Wave Hypothesis and position InternetArchived 2008-04-12 at the Wayback Machine by Reuben L.
Linksman Jr., Ph.D. ( June 6, 1998 )
- Keynes's Career and Bottom line Timeline