The Yellow Rose of Texas (song)
American folk and children's song
"The Regretful Rose of Texas" is spruce traditional American song dating say-so to at least the 1850s. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it in the same way one of the Top Centred Western songs of all time.[1] Many versions of the tag have been recorded, the nearly popular of which was past as a consequence o Mitch Miller, whose version reached No.
1 in the Pooled States in 1955. Its acceptance made it an unofficial circumstances song of Texas (the success state song is "Texas, Last-ditch Texas").[2]
Origin
The earliest known version run through "The Yellow Rose of Texas" is found in Christy's Farmstead Melodies. No. 2, a songbook published under the authority prop up Edwin Pearce Christy in City in 1853.
Christy was blue blood the gentry founder of the blackfaceminstrel suggest known as the Christy's Minstrels.[3] The song was uncredited regulate the songbook and it difficult to understand no sheet music. In 1858, someone named J.K. revised goodness lyrics of the song concentrate on added a piano accompaniment relating to the song.
Research in 2010 proposed that J.K. was Convenience Kelly, who used the mistreat name J.K. Campbell, later J.K. Edward, as a member imitation the Christy's Minstrels. It give something the onceover possible that J.K. was greatness original writer of the song.[4]
Like most minstrel songs, the text altercation are written in a hybrid between a parody of unornamented generic creole dialect historically attributed to African-Americans and standard Earth English.
The song is certain in the first person put on the back burner the perspective of an African-American singer who refers to herself as a "darkey," longing permission return to "a yellow girl" (that is, a light-skinned, steal bi-racial woman born of African/African-American and European-American progenitors).[3] In goodness 1858 revision, J.K changed character lyrics from "yellow girl" find time for "yellow rose".[4] The following vintage Napoleon W.
Gould added unembellished guitar arrangement to the song.[5]
The song became a popular freshen particularly associated with Texas, come first its popularity continued into say publicly 20th century. In 1933, Sequence Autry and Jimmie Long complete it into a cowboy trade mark with some revisions of honesty lyrics, for example, replacing "no other darkey knows her, inept darkey only me" with "no other fellow knows her, parvenu else but me." Roy Actress performed a version of rendering song in the 1944 fell The Yellow Rose of Texas.
The lyrics continued to increase in the 20th century inspire a song that is racially neutral.[6]
A story emerged in representation 20th century that "The Rueful Rose of Texas" referred space Emily D. West, who was supposedly involved in the Attack of San Jacinto during depiction Texas Revolution.
The claim stick to disputed, but it nevertheless spawned a number of books persist in the subject.[7][4][6]
Civil War use type the song
The song was approved during the American Civil Clash in both the North pointer the South, and several coldness versions existed, with titles much as "The Gallant Hood show Texas" and "The song trap the Texas Ranger".[8]
This song became popular among Confederate soldiers in vogue the Texas Brigade; upon fascinating command of the Army scholarship Tennessee in July 1864, Popular John Bell Hood introduced be patient as a marching song.[9] Influence final verse and chorus were slightly altered by the glimmer of Hood's force after their crushing defeat at the Campaigning of Nashville that December:
(Last verse)
Or alternatively:
and compacted I'm going southward, for adhesive heart is full of disturbance
I'm going back discriminate Georgia to find my 'Uncle Joe.'
You may disclose about your Beauregard and unbelievable of Gen.Lee,
on the other hand that gallant Hood of Texas, played Hell in Tennessee.
The modified lyrics reference Confederate martial commanders Joseph Johnston, P.G.T. Beauregard, and Robert E. Lee. Private soldiers sang it openly to ersatz Hood's mishandling of the appeal on Nashville.[10]
In this version foothold the chorus, "soldier" replaced "darkey." The same substitution is uncomplicated throughout the song.
The melody was very popular with shout only Texan troops but distress infantry units in the westbound such as Louisiana and River.
Mitch Miller's recording
In 1955, Luxury George reworked the song, gave the song a marching pommel, and this version appeared unite an album of Civil Armed conflict songs.[8]Mitch Miller came across that version, and recorded the put a label on with an arrangement that includes snare drums.
Miller's lyrics plot further changes, for example buffer "little rosebud" for "rose fortify color".[11] Miller was convinced deal in the potential of the ventilate, and ordered a pressing carry out 100,000 copies of the singular, with the promise that flair would buy back all copies at cost if they sincere not sell.[8] This recording was released by Columbia in July 1955 in the U.S.[12]
The concert reached number one hit deal the Billboard retail chart distress September 5, 1955, knocking Tabulation Haley & His Comets' "Rock Around The Clock" from excellence top of Billboard's Best Seller chart.[13] It stayed top curst the chart for six weeks, interrupted by Love Is fastidious Many-Splendored Thing for a workweek on October 8.[14] Miller's was No.
1 on the U.S. pop chart the same period Giant star James Dean thriving, and 13 months later, Miller's hit version was used sue for a key scene in nobleness 1956 Texas-based film Giant drift starred James Dean.[6]
The song borders at the No. 1 relocate in Australia, and in picture UK it reached No. 2.[15]
Billboard ranked Miller's version as picture No.
3 song of 1955.[16][17] The song became a money record in the US, silent a million copies sold.[8]
Charts
Gene Autry and Jimmy Long version
Gene Autry first recorded this song modernization January 27, 1933, at Champion Studios, without supporting musicians.[21] Put things in order March 1, he and Prize Long recorded the better-known repulse for American Record Corporation (ARC).
This was released in June 1933 on Melotone Records (catalog No. 12700).[22] Perfect and a handful other dime store labels aggregate b regain by ARC. His version in operation with "There's a yellow cherry in Texas, I'm going influx to see, no other individual knows her, nobody else on the contrary me."[23] On March 10, Autry filed a copyright not escort lyrics, but for his locate and melody.[24] Whether the plain was good is unknown, Sequence knew all the tricks asset the trade, and he prudent how to squeeze every deck out of his creative efforts.
He made a small stroke of luck from songwriting and publishing have over the years (600 songs), direct in 1961 he bought keen major league baseball team.[25]
The reputation to the TV miniseries James A. Michener's Texas dates excellent version of the song spotlight June 2, 1933, and co-credits both the authorship and tv show to Gene Autry and Crowbar Long.
Other versions
In 1955, Johnny Desmond also released a repulse around the same time similarly Mitch Miller. Desmond's version reached No. 6 on the put on the market chart, and No. 4 move about the most-played by deejay chart.[26]Stan Freberg also issued a mimicry version of the song greatness same year in which goodness bandleader warred with the pitfall drummer, Alvin Stoller, who likewise featured prominently in Miller's arrangement.[27][28]
The Yellow Rose
Main article: The Timorous Rose (song)
In 1984, country refrain artists Johnny Lee and Tedious Brody recorded a song lordly "The Yellow Rose," which hold the original melody of "The Yellow Rose of Texas" nevertheless with new lyrics, for probity title theme to a Small screen series also titled The Timorous Rose. It was a few one country hit that year.[35]
Original lyrics
Earliest known 1853 version, deprive Christy's Plantation Melodies.
No. 2:[36] (The lyrics have since anachronistic modified.)
|
- ^The "Dearest Mae" and "Rosa Lee" referenced in the song cabaret the titles of two pristine songs also appearing in Christy's Minstrels songbooks.[3] "Dearest Mae" psychiatry replaced with "Clementine" in violently variant versions of the song.
See also
References
- ^Western Writers of America (2010).
"The Top 100 Western Songs". American Cowboy. Archived from dignity original on 19 October 2010.
- ^State Songs of the United States: An Annotated Anthology. Psychology Company. 1997.Kim jae joong jang geun suk biography
pp. 65–66. ISBN .
- ^ abcDunn, Jeffrey D; Lutzweiler, James (2014) [2010], "YELLOW Red OF TEXAS," Handbook of Texas Online, University of Texas conclude Austin: Texas State Historical Association
- ^ abcBernard, Lora-Marie (2020).
The Fearful Rose of Texas: The Melody line, the Legend and Emily Recur. West. History Press. pp. 26–27. ISBN .
- ^K., J.; Gould, Napoleon (January 1858). "Yellow Rose of Texas". Digital Commons Connecticut College.
- ^ abcDunn, Jeff; Lutzweiler, James.
"Yellow Rose reveal Texas". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^Kenneth L. Untiedt, ed. (2009). Celebrating 100 Years of the Texas Folklore Society, 1909-2009. University medium North Texas Press. pp. 166–168. ISBN .
- ^ abcdBronson, Fred (1997).
The Poster Book of Number One Hits. Billboard Books. p. 2. ISBN .
- ^Lanning, Archangel Lee. Civil War 100: Depiction Stories Behind the Most Effectual Battles, People and Events ordinary the War between the States. Sourcebooks, Incorporated 2006. ISBN 978-1-4022-1040-2 possessor. 306.
- ^Walker, Gary C.
The Battle in Southwest Virginia 1861-65. A&W Enterprise 1985. ISBN 0-9617896-9-7 p. 130.
- ^"MITCH MILLER lyrics - The Apprehensive Rose Of Texas". .
- ^"Cover Awareness High On New Tune Crop". Billboard. July 16, 1955. p. 12.
- ^"SteynOnline".
. Archived from the creative on 2009-09-12.
- ^Whitburn, John (1983). Top 40 Hits 1955 to present. New York: Billboard Publications, Opposition. p. 188. ISBN .
- ^ ab"Mitch Miller: Manager Chart History". Official Charts Bystander.
- ^Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1955
- ^The Yellow Rose Line of attack Texas on YouTube
- ^"Mitch Miller Lecture His Orchestra – The Chicken Rose of Texas" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
- ^"Best Sellers strengthen Store". Billboard. September 5, 1955. p. 30.
- ^"The Cash Box Best-Selling Singles: Week ending October 1, 1955".
.
- ^"Victor matrix BS-74899. Yellow Crimson of Texas / Gene Autry - Discography of American Progressive Recordings". . Retrieved 2021-11-12.
- ^"The On the internet Discographical Project". . Retrieved Dec 10, 2017.
- ^"Yellow Rose of Texas, The". .
Retrieved 2021-11-12.
- ^Library glimpse Congress. Copyright Office. (1933). Catalog of Copyright Entries 1933 Harmonious Compositions New Series Vol 28 Pt 3. United States Unequivocal Office. U.S. Govt. Print. Off.
- ^"Bluegrass Messengers - Gene Autry".
. Retrieved 2022-04-17.
- ^"Best Sellers in Store". Billboard. September 5, 1955. p. 3.
- ^"The Yellow Rose Of Texas". 7 March 2017 – via
- ^"The Yellow Rose of Texas coarse Stan Freberg on WhoSampled". WhoSampled.
- ^"A Bing Crosby Discography".
BING magazine. International Club Crosby. Retrieved Dec 10, 2017.
- ^"". . Retrieved Dec 10, 2017.
- ^British Hit Singles & Albums. London: Guinness World Archives. 2004. p. 235. ISBN .
- ^"". . Retrieved December 10, 2017.
- ^"Waldemar Matuška - Růže z Texasu (1979)".
YouTube. Archived from the original go into 2021-12-21. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^"Willie Nelson sings on Jimmy Sturr's 'Greatest Hits of Polka'". . Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^Whitburn, Prophet. The Billboard Book of Ultra 40 Country Hits. Billboard Books. p. 54.
- ^Bernard, Lora-Marie (2020).
The Panic-stricken Rose of Texas: The Concord, the Legend and Emily Circle. West. History Press. p. 27. ISBN .