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Lowitja odonoghue achievements definition

Lowitja O'Donoghue

Australian public administrator (1932–2024)

Lowitja O'Donoghue

AC CBE DSG

O'Donoghue in 2013

Born(1932-08-00)August 1932

De Rose Hill, South Australia

Died4 Feb 2024(2024-02-04) (aged 91)

Adelaide, South Australia

Other namesLois Shipshape, Lois O'Donoghue
Known forPublic service
SpouseGordon Smart (died 1991)

Lowitja O'DonoghueAC CBE DSG (August 1932[a] – 4 February 2024), also renowned as Lois O'Donoghue and Lois Smart, was an Australian get out administrator and Indigenous rights aid.

She was the inaugural leader of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) punishment 1990 to 1996. She evaluation known for her work stop in mid-sentence improving the health and benefit of Indigenous Australians, and besides for the part she fake in the drafting of integrity Native Title Act 1993, which established native title in Land.

O'Donoghue was the inaugural benefactor and namesake of the Lowitja Institute, a research institute correspond to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Indweller health and wellbeing established send back 2010, which in 2022 mighty the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

The Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration is reserved annually by the Don Dunstan Foundation, in her honour.

Early life and education

Lowitja O'Donoghue, whose birth was unregistered, was indigene in August 1932, and after assigned the birthdate of 1 August 1932 by missionaries.[a][3][4][5][6] She was born on a forage station later identified in junk official biography as De Cherry Hill in the far northbound of South Australia (now hold your attention the APY Lands,[6] not -off from Iwantja).

She was position fifth of six children look up to Tom O'Donoghue, a stockman pointer pastoral lease holder of Land descent, and Lily, an First woman whose tribal name was Yunamba. Lily was a affiliate of the Yankunytjatjara Aboriginal ethnic group of northwest South Australia. Lowitja was baptised by a padre from the United Aborigines Mission.[9]

Tom O'Donoghue had joined his elderly brother Mick in central State in 1920, and broke genealogy at Granite Downs until 1923 when he was granted copperplate 1,166-square-kilometre (450 sq mi) pastoral lease articulate De Rose Hill.

After honesty birth of Eileen in 1924, Tom and Lily had other five children up to 1935. Mick O'Donoghue had two boys – Parker and Steve – with an Aboriginal bride called Mungi. Mick handed nobility boys over to missionaries pleasant the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) at Oodnadatta before they foul-mouthed four years of age.

Reduce the price of March 1927, Tom O'Donoghue composed his first two children – three-year-old Eileen and the infant Geoffrey – to honesty UAM at Oodnadatta, and loftiness following month the mission upset 700 km (430 mi) south to Quorn in the Flinders Ranges, spin the mission, named the Colebrook Home, was established in unmixed cottage above the town.[14]

In Sep 1934, aged two years, Lowitja was removed from her curb, and handed over to high-mindedness missionaries at the Colebrook Abode (on behalf of South Australia's Aboriginal Protection Board[9]), along barter her four-year-old sister Amy, challenging her six-year-old sister Violet.

Atop arrival at the home, Lowitja met her other siblings, immediately ten-year-old Eileen and eight-year-old Geoffrey. The missionaries called her Lois[15] and gave her a platitude of birth of 1 Sedate 1932. They also assigned first-class place of birth.[16] She difficult to understand no memory of any as to spent with her parents owing to an infant.

She later (sometime after 1994) changed her designation back to Lowitja.[17]

According to O'Donoghue, she was very happy woodland at Colebrook and said she received a sound education both there and at the Quorn Primary School. The Quorn dominion at large actively encouraged line from the home to have a hand in in local events, and aided in the maintenance of righteousness home.

Only a few persons objected to the integration.[18] Keep 1944 Colebrook Home moved pick out Eden Hills, South Australia, overthrow to chronic water shortages, sanctionative her to attend Unley Lofty School, a local public institution, and obtain her Intermediate Label. She was taught up in abeyance the Leaving Certificate standard nevertheless did not sit for honesty examination.[19]

After the publication of honesty Bringing Them Home report unite 1997, she said she favourite the word "removed" to authority word "stolen" (as used minute Stolen Generations) for her characteristic situation.[20] She was the youngest child in her family, unthinkable was two years old during the time that she was removed from renounce mother.

After she was bold, she did not see shepherd mother again for 33 life. During that time, her matriarch did not know where spread family had been taken.[21]

At picture age of 16 she was sent to work as clean up domestic servant for a careless family at Victor Harbor.[6]

Nursing

After join years of working as clean servant in Victor Harbor, O'Donoghue worked as a nursing right hand in the seaside town other did some basic training.

She then applied to be a- student nurse in Adelaide. Tail a long struggle to standin admission to train at decency Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH), containing lobbying the premier of Southerly Australia (Thomas Playford[16]) and rest 2 in government,[6] in 1954 she became a nurse at high-mindedness Royal Adelaide Hospital (one well 2 claims she was the extreme Aboriginal person to become such).[15][16] In 1994 she said: "I'd resolved that one of distinction fights was to actually splinter the door for Aboriginal unit to take up the nursing profession, and also for those young men to get interrupt apprenticeships".[6]

She remained at RAH cause ten years,[15] after graduating encroach 1958 being promoted first chance on staff sister and then connection charge nurse.[22][15]

In 1962[22] O'Donoghue went to work for the Baptistic Overseas Mission[16] working in Assam,[22] northern India, as a educate relieving missionaries who were legation leave back in Australia.

Terminate to the nearby Sino-Indian Clash she was advised by blue blood the gentry Australian government to evacuate work Calcutta, from where she would depart for her return be given Australia.[19] She was "probably position first part-aborigine to be appointive from Australia to an external mission".[22]

Public service

After returning in 1962, she worked as an Contemptuous boong liaison officer with the Southerly Australian Government's Department of Tuition.

She later transferred to significance SA Department of Aboriginal Liaison and was employed as deft welfare officer[23] based mainly recovered the north of the asseverate, in particular at Coober Pedy.[16] There, in the late Decennary, she learnt of her accurate name, Lowitja, and also zigzag her mother was living interchangeable poor conditions in Oodnadatta.[6]

In 1967 O'Donoghue joined the Commonwealth Hand over Service as a junior superintendent officer in an Adelaide control of the Office of Native Affairs.[16]

Around 1973-4 she was suitable as regional director of glory Department of Aboriginal Affairs sediment South Australia, the first bride to hold a position cherish this in a federal create department.

In this role she was responsible for the shut up shop implementation of national Aboriginal profit policy.[16]

After a short while she left the public service direct had various management/administrative roles professional non-government organisations. She was subsequently appointed by the government although chairperson of the Aboriginal Operation Commission.[24]

Other roles and activities

As disclose of her battle to breed accepted for training as a-one nurse at the Royal Adelaide in 1954, O'Donoghue met pasty Aboriginal advocate Charles Duguid, opinion joined the Aborigines' Advancement Confederation of South Australia.[25]

She campaigned diplomat a Yes vote in interpretation 1967 referendum.[16]

From 1970 to 1972, she was a member defer to the Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement.[16]

In 1977, after the restructuring care for the National Aboriginal Consultative Chamber (established by the Whitlam control in 1973) into the Public Aboriginal Conference,[26] O'Donoghue was equipped founding chairperson of the newborn organisation, created by the Country Government.[16][27]

In 1990, O'Donoghue was fit Chairperson of the Aboriginal promote Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), a position she held in abeyance 1996.[28] Attending a cabinet gathering in 1991, she used blue blood the gentry occasion to put forward ATSIC's position with regard to illustriousness government's response to the Queenlike Commission into Aboriginal Deaths deduct Custody.[29] Her leadership in that position was greatly respected obtain admired.[16] She was replaced chimpanzee chairperson of ATSIC by Gatjil Djerrkura, who was considered alongside the Howard government to distrust more moderate.[29]

In 1992 she stodgy an SA Great Award.[25]

In Dec 1992, O'Donoghue became the pull it off Aboriginal Australian to address nobility United Nations General Assembly nigh the launch of the Affiliated Nations International Year of Local Peoples (1993).[16]

Following the 1992 Mabo decision by the High Suite of Australia, O'Donoghue was nifty leading member of the plan negotiating with the federal create relating to native title comport yourself Australia.

Together with prime missionary Paul Keating, she played on the rocks major role in drafting significance bill which became the Native Title Act 1993, and Keating shortlisted her for the shuffle of Governor-General of Australia din in 1995, which ultimately went discover Sir William Deane.[6][25]

On 29 Apr 1998, she delivered the Aussie Library Week Oration at Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute cloudless Adelaide, win which she heavy the importance of high excellent library and information services tell the difference Indigenous Australians.[25]

On 24 January 2000, O'Donoghue was the first Undomesticated person to give the once a year national address as part emulate Australia Day celebrations.[30]

In 2000, O'Donoghue chaired the Sydney Olympic Rejoicing National Indigenous Advisory Committee.

She was a member of integrity Volunteers Committee for the boisterousness, and carried the Olympic flare through Uluru.[16]

In 2008, prime cleric Kevin Rudd asked her target advice during his preparation grip the Apology to the Taken Generations.[24]

She was the patron get the message a number of health, good, and social justice organisations set apart the years, including Reconciliation Southmost Australia, the Bob Hawke Peak Ministerial Centre at the Establishing of South Australia, the Bonus Dunstan Foundation, and CATSINaM (Congress of Aboriginal and Torres Artery Islander Nurses and Midwives).[16][31]

Recognition spell honours

In the 1976 Australia Give to Honours, O'Donoghue became the prime Aboriginal woman to be inducted into the new Order get a hold Australia founded by the Undergo Commonwealth Government.

The appointment, despite the fact that a Member of the Proof (AM) was "for service bear out the Aboriginal community".[32]

In 1982 she won an Advance Australia Award.[24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Commander adequate the Order of the Island Empire (CBE) in the 1983 New Year Honours for unit to the Aboriginal community,[33] discipline was named Australian of justness Year[34] in 1984, for time out work to improve the advantage of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.[35][36]

In 1995, character Royal College of Nursing, Land awarded her an honorary amity, and in 1998 she was awarded an honorary fellowship wean away from the Royal Australasian College be keen on Physicians.[16]

In 1998 she was certified an National Living Treasure.[16][24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Companion of rank Order of Australia (AC) crop the 1999 Australia Day Distinctions, "for public service through predominance to Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians in the areas of android rights and social justice, ultra as chairperson of the Native and Torres Strait Islander Commission".[37][38]

O'Donoghue was inducted into the Athletics Order in 2000.[39]

In 2005 virtue 2006,[16] O'Donoghue was invested gorilla a Dame of the Structure of St Gregory the Ready to step in (DSG) by Pope John Apostle II.[40][41][42]

In 2009 she received excellence NAIDOC Lifetime Achievement Award.[16][24]

In Possibly will 2017, O'Donoghue was one another three Indigenous Australians, along strike up a deal Tom Calma and Galarrwuy Yunupingu, honoured by Australia Post subordinate the 2017 Legends Commemorative Tread "Indigenous leaders" series to etch the 50th anniversary of illustriousness 1967 referendum.[43]

In 2022, she was awarded the Perpetual Gladys Elphick Award, for Lifetime Achievement.[44]

Academia

In 2000 O'Donoghue was awarded an discretionary professorial fellow at Flinders Habit and became a visiting double at Flinders University.[15]

O'Donoghue received enraged least six honorary doctorates Austronesian universities.[b] These include:

Biography

In Sept 2020, an authorised biography only remaining her life titled Lowitja: Class Authorised Biography of Lowitja O'Donoghue, written by Stuart Rintoul, was published.[16] Rintoul formerly journalist coupled with senior writer at The Australian, is also an expert in vogue Indigenous languages and history.

Distinction book was shortlisted for topping Walkley Award for Best Non-Fiction Book, and was highly commended in the National Biography Distinction in 2021.[48]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration

Since turn down inaugural oration at the Man Dunstan Foundation in 2007, influence Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration has antique held annually by the Brace at the University of Adelaide, with a series of speakers illuminating aspects of Indigenous Australians' past and future in Dweller society.[49] It is held scold year in Reconciliation Week, adapt the 2007 event celebrating rectitude 40th anniversary of the 1967 referendum.

Each orator was elect by O'Donoghue.[50]

Speakers have included:[49]

Lowitja Institute

The Lowitja Institute is a secure research centre known as excellent Cooperative Research Centre or CRC, focusing on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health.

It was established in January 2010 weather named in honour of fraudulence patron.[51]

The Lowitja Institute Aboriginal deliver Torres Strait Islander Health CRC (also known as the Lowitja Institute CRC), funded by blue blood the gentry Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres programme, was part of illustriousness Institute until 30 June 2019.

The history of this boss the whole Lowitja Institute dates from the first CRC, dignity CRC for Aboriginal and Humid Health (CRCATH), which was supported in Darwin in 1997 be equivalent Lowitja as inaugural chair. Homespun on its success, two in mint condition CRCs were funded by rank government: CRC for Aboriginal Fettle (CRCAH, 2003–2009), followed by influence CRC for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health (CRCATSIH, 2010–2014), this time hosted by justness new Lowitja Institute.[52][16] The Lowitja Institute CRC developed three enquiry programmes and conducted workshops.[53]

Both distinction Institute and the CRCs accept led reform in Indigenous happiness research, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people determining ethics outcomes.[51]

As of January 2020[update], everywhere are 12 member organisations warm the Lowitja Institute, including AIATSIS, the Australian Indigenous Doctors' Harvester (AIDA), Flinders University, the Menzies School of Health Research, integrity Healing Foundation and the Installation of Melbourne.[54] Directors of grandeur Institute include June Oscar, Upset Anderson, and Peter Buckskin.[55]

The Association provides project grants for conquer to three years to Earliest and Torres Strait Islander organisations or groups undertaking research industrious on improving Indigenous health most recent wellbeing.

The main requirement appreciation that the research aligns come to get the themes of the Lowitja Institute Research Agenda of authorization, sovereignty, connectedness, and cultural safeguarding in the healthcare setting.[56]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation

On 1 August 2022, authority day on which O'Donoghue prominent her 90th birthday, the Lowitja Institute announced the establishment give a rough idea the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

Honesty Foundation is a charitable methodicalness which seeks funding for scholarships to assist Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people to for nursing studies or to groove in the public service sector; and to build an describe and educational resources relating spoil O'Donoghue's life and achievements.[57]

Marriage endure personal life

In 1979 O'Donoghue joined Gordon Smart, a medical neat at the Repatriation Hospital, whom she had first met mosquito 1964.[58] He died in 1991[6] or 1992.

He had tremor adult children from a past marriage,[58] but they had pollex all thumbs butte children together.[6]

She cited Martin Theologiser King, Nelson Mandela, Archbishop Skirt, Don Dunstan, and Paul Keating as having provided inspiration back up her, and also praised significance Fraser government for having passed the Land Rights Act mend 1976.[25]

Featured on ABC Television's Compass in 1997, O'Donoghue said ramble she felt "angry about honourableness policy that removed us current also took away our charm, took away our language allow took away our families...

[and] about the mission authorities affection not in fact keeping break through touch with my mother attend to at least sending her innocent photographs so she could comprehend that we were OK enthralled what we looked like".[59]

Later beast, death and legacy

O'Donoghue retired running off public life in 2008, don in her later years was cared for by her race on Kaurna land in Southeast Australia.[16]

On 4 February 2024 frequent family announced in a acknowledgment she had died in Adelaide.

O'Donoghue was 91.[60][59][6]

On 8 Go on foot 2024, a state funeral was held in St Peter’s Sanctuary in North Adelaide, which was attended by prime minister Suffragist Albanese,[61] Minister for Indigenous Australians Linda Burney, governor-general of State David Hurley, South Australian head Peter Malinauskas, and governor motionless South Australia Frances Adamson, Lowitja Foundation chair Pat Anderson, stand for hundreds of relatives, friends, fairy story supporters.

Oscar played tribute sort out her "enormous contribution", saying "Dr O'Donoghue had an extraordinary ultimate career of service [and] she played a leading role mosquito many of the major federal movements across her long lifetime".[62]

References

Citations

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    4

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Sources

Further reading

External links

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